A. The first recordings
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| fiddle A.C. (Eck) Robertson |
(Eck) Robertson released in 1922 by Victor Records. The record company Columbia Records has released a recording of music "hillbilly" (series 15000D "Old Familiar Tunes") in 1924. A year earlier, Fiddlin 'John Carson issued a "Little Log Cabin in the Lane" on June 14, 1923 under the label Okeh Records , Vernon Dalhart was the first country singer whose song was a hit in the United States, "Wreck of the Old '97" in May 1924. LPs Side B contains the song "Lonesome Road Blues" and come to be popular. At the beginning of the development of country music are musicians like Riley Puckett, Don Richardson, Fiddlin 'John Carson, Al Hopkins, Charlie Poole and the North Carolina Ramblers and The Skillet Lickers. Steel guitar began to be used to play country music since 1922, after Jimmie Tarlton met with Hawaiian guitarist Frank Ferera on the US West Coast.
The origin of modern country music comes from the influence of Jimmie Rodgers and the Carter Family. Both are regarded as the founders of country music and their songs were first recorded in the historic session in Bristol, Tennessee / Bristol, Virginia, August 1, 1927. At that time, Ralph Peer acting as a scout and technicians voice recorder.
Rodgers mixing elements hillbilly country, gospel, jazz, blues, pop, cowboy, and folk. Most of his songs, including "Blue Yodel" (Victor 21142) sold more than a million copies, and at the same time making it as the lead singer in the early era of country music.
For 17 consecutive years since 1927, the group Carter Family recorded some 300 old-time ballads, traditional songs, country songs and gospel hymns which constitute the cultural heritage and folklore Southeastern United States.
B. The era of the 1930s to 1940s
After the Great Depression in a drop in sales of LPs. Radio appeared as a popular entertainment among the people. Country music played in various radio shows called barn dance. Starting from the southern United States to as far north as Chicago and as far south as California, radio station becomes often play country music.
One event that is worth noting is a weekly country music show called the Grand Ole Opry on the radio 650 WSM in Nashville, Tennessee. Among the stars who attended the event Opry there are musicians like Uncle Dave Macon, Roy Acuff and African American harmonica player named DeFord Bailey. WSM powerful transmitter 50,000 watts in 1934 to make this radio could often be heard throughout the United States.
C. Song cowboy, western swing and hillbilly boogie
Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, cowboy songs (western music) that has often been recorded since the 1920s became popular thanks to Hollywood movies. Among the singing cowboy era of the 1930s and 1940s there were musicians such as Gene Autry, the Sons of the Pioneers and Roy Rogers.
Bob Wills was singer "country" which starred Hollywood cowboy movies. Mix music "country" and the jazz music he played as a dance hall, later known as western swing. Spade Cooley and Tex Williams also had a popular band and play the movie.
Once the music is played at Carnegie Hall, country musicians began recording boogie rhythm in 1939. Johnny Barfield recorded as boogie woogie. A small number of recordings initially called hillbilly boogie, or okie boogie (or later country boogie) eventually flood the market around the end of 1945. One prominent boogie country of origin of the era is the "Freight Train Boogie" from the Delmore Brothers. The song "Freight Train Boogie" is considered as part of a stage in the evolution of country music and blues towards rockabilly formation. In 1948, the song "Guitar Boogie" and "Banjo Boogie" Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith reached the top 10 on the US country music charts. "Guitar Boogie" even reached the US pop charts. [19] Singer rhythmic boogie other country included Merrill Moore and Tennessee Ernie Ford. Hillbilly Boogie period continued up to the 1950s, and lasted until the 21st century as a subgenre of country music.
At the end of World War II, the musical "mountaineer" from the band stringed instrument known as bluegrass music surfaced. Bill Monroe is a pioneering joint Lester Flatt and Earl Scruggs, led by Roy Acuff at the Grand Ole Opry, Nashville, Tennessee.Another type coutry music using only guitar, bass, dobro or steel guitar (and later drums) became popular among middle-class white people down in the southern United States. The rhythm is called honky tonk will come from Texas. Definition of honky tonk rhythm is "a little bit from here, a little there, a little black, a little white ... loud enough that you may not think about it a lot and immediately ordered a whiskey." Al Dexter of East Texas scored the hit song "Honky Tonk Blues", and a few years later with "Pistol Packin 'Mama". Honky tonk songs closely related to bars and drinking houses. Among the performing artists are musicians such as Ernest Tubb, Ted Daffin, Floyd Tillman, Maddox Brothers and Rose, and Hank Williams country musicians who would later be called "traditional".
A number of country musicians also recorded songs in another rhythm. Moon Mullican which plays western swing also recorded songs that can be called rockabilly. Bill Haley sang cowboy songs, and never become peneriak yodel. Haley finally famous as a pioneer of rock and roll. Lefty Frizzell play honky tonk in the style of Jimmie Rodgers. The result is a song that is very typical of Lefty Frizzell. Between 1947 and 1949, the king of country music Eddy Arnold managed to put eight songs in the top 10 of the Billboard charts.
The 1950s and 1960s
A. Nashville sound
Since the mid 1950s to a peak in the early 1960s, rhythm known as "nashville sound" changed country music as the industry millions of dollars. The music is called nashville sound because it comes from the recording industry in Nashville, Tennessee. Under the direction of producers such as Chet Atkins, Owen Bradley, and later Billy Sherrill, they deliver sound nashville to various groups, as well as reviving the country music. Rhythmic songs nashville sound recognizable from the distinctive characteristics borrowed from pop music in the 1950s: the vocals were "soft" and dominant with accompaniment in the form of string instruments and choir. Country musician who belong to the genre sound nashville is Patsy Cline, Jim Reeves, Floyd Cramer, and then Tammy Wynette and Charlie Rich. ''
B. Rockabilly
1956 could be called the year of rockabilly to country music. Ranked 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Billboard that time occupied by Elvis Presley with "Heartbreak Hotel", Johnny Cash with "I Walk the Line", and Carl Perkins with "Blue Suede Shoes" In 1958, Johnny Cash and Elvis again put the songs in the Billboard top five, each with "Guess Things Happen That Way / Come in, Stranger" at No. 3 and "Do not / I Beg Of You" in order ke- 5. Elvis recognizes influenced rhythm and blues artists. Meanwhile about his musical style, Elvis said, "People of color have long to sing and play music as I play now, been a long time than I do." He also added, "My music country music are just hopping."
Genre now called rockabilly reached peak popularity among fans of country music in the 1950s and his songs recorded by country musicians. In the late 1950s, traditional country musicians such as Ray Price, Marty Robbins and Johnny Horton began to distance themselves influence of rock and roll.
Country music got the attention of listeners across the United States through music events Ozark Jubilee. The show is broadcast live from Springfield, Missouri, from 1955 to 1960. Musicians who appear is the top country musicians, including musicians homage to rockabilly.
C. Country music in Indonesia
In the era of 80s, Country music has many memepengaruhi Indonesian musicians like Ebiet G. Ade and Iwan Fals in the rhythm of their arrangement, with a multitude of voices of instruments like harmonica, bass guitar and played violin in their songs.
In Indonesia, the contemporary country music popularized by Tantowi in the mid 2000s. Tantowi founded the Country Music Club of Indonesia in January 2003, and became a host on the television show "Goin 'Country" aired by Metro.
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| Ebiet G Ade |
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| Iwan Fals |
( Definition music art )
( Country Music )
( Prominent Musicians Biography Country )
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