Dangdut music

The mention of the name "dangdut" is onomatopoeic of the sound of tabla game (in the world of dangdut called drum only) Indian music. Putu Wijaya initially called in the magazine Tempo, May 27, 1972 that the song Dolls of India is a mixture of Malay songs, the rhythm of the desert, and the "ding-dang-dut" India. This designation further summarized as "dangdut" only, and by the magazine used to describe forms of Malay songs that are affected by Indian song.

A. Malay music to Dangdut
Contemporary dangdut has been different from its roots, Malay music, although people can still feel his touch.Malay Orchestra (commonly abbreviated as OM, the term is still often used for a dangdut music group) the original use of musical instruments such as acoustic guitar, accordion, tambourine, harp, and flute, even gong. In the 1950s and 1960s, many developing orchestras in Jakarta Malay who played songs from Sumatra Deli Malay (around Medan). At this time the experiment began to enter the entry of India in the Malay music. The development of world cinema at that time and anti-Western politics of President Sukarno into mulch for these groups. From this period can be noted names like P. Ramlee (of Malaya), Said Effendi (with songs Seroja), Ellya (in the style of stage dancers such as India, the creator Dolls of India), Husein Bawafie (one songwriter Wailing Children Tiri), Munif Bahaswan (creator Loads Asmara), and M. Mashabi (composer score the film "Lamentations stepchildren" which is very popular in the 1970s).The musical style this time still persisted until the 1970s, although at the time it was also a big change in the Malay music scene led by Sonnet Group leader Rhoma Irama. Some names from the 1970s that can be called is Mansyur S., Ida Laila, A. Rafiq, and Muchsin Alatas. Malay popular music can be seen from the release several Malay pop album by a pop music group Koes Plus in his prime. 

 Drum or tabla, one of the main instrument dangdut.Dangdut modern, thriving in the early 1970s in line with the politics of Indonesia are friendly to Western culture, inserting musical instruments modern West as the electric guitar, electric organ, percussion, trumpet, saxophone, oboe, and others to increase the variety and as a land of creativity musician-performer. Mandolin also entered as an important element. The influence of rock (especially on the guitar) a very thick felt on dangdut music. The 1970s were the scene of 'battle' for music dangdut and rock music to capture the music market Indonesia, to have held concerts 'duel' between Sonnet Group and God Bless. Practically since the time of Malay music has changed, including the pattern of musical business.In the latter half of the 1970s also developed variations of "dangdut humor" that was driven by OM petromaks Ray Emission (PSP). This orchestra, which departs from the style of music melayu deli, helping dangdut dissemination among the students. This subgenre is passed, for example, by OM Introduction Drink Poison (PMR) and, in the early 2000s, by the Youth Orchestra Harapan Bangsa (PHB).

B. building tracks
Although dangdut songs can receive a variety of other musical elements easily, building mostly very conservative dangdut songs, mostly composed of units of eight-bar 4/4. Rarely found dangdut songs with a 3/4 time signatures, except for a few songs of the 1960s such as Bird Nuri and Seroja. Lagu also poor improvisation, both melody and harmony. As a dance music, dangdut rely heavily on tabla beats and syncope.Building form dangdut songs in general are: A - A - B -A,but in most applications have a sequence like this:Intro - A - A - Interlude - B (reffrain) - A - Interlude - B (reffrain) - AIntro can be outspoken without accompaniment or a game of flutes, the rest is a guitar or mandolin. The length can reach eight-bar intro.The initial part is composed of eight bars, with or without repetition. If there is repetition, can be interrupted by a line pause the game (interlude). This section is usually lyrical content of the song introduction, the situation faced by the singer.Standard dangdut song has no chorus, but has a second portion with a different melody building with the first part. Before entering the second part there are usually two times eight bars pause without lyrics (interlude). The second part is usually along the eight-bar twice with a pause interrupted by a single line without lyrics. At the end of the second part there is sometimes along the four-bar coda. The second part of the lyrics usually contain the consequences of the situation described the first part or the singer's actions taken to address the situation.After the second part, the song is repeated full from beginning to end. Dangdut song ends on a repetition of the first part. Rarely dangdut song ends with a fade away.

C. Interaction with other music
Dangdut is very elastic in the face and affect other forms of music. Western songs popular in the 1960s and 1970s many didangdutkan. Qasida stringed musical genre and slowly drifting in the current way dangdut music. The same thing happens in music Tarling Cirebon so that still exist at the moment is the form thereof: tarlingdut.Rock, pop, disco, house bersenyawa well dangdut music. Mixed flow between music dangdut and rock unofficially named Rockdut. Similarly, what happened to the local music like Jaipongan, gamelan, Tarling, kroncong, Java style (known as a musical form called congdut tasters, with the character Didi Kempot), or Zapin.Dangdut easily accept elements of 'foreign' making it vulnerable to other forms of piracy, as is the case of the songs of Bollywood-style films and latin songs. Kopi Dangdut, for example, is "pirated" a popular song from Venezuela.

D. Dangdut Indonesia in contemporary culture

Dangdut singer Yan Vellia in Folk Arts Festival in Pacitan.

     Dangdut Rhoma Irama making as a tool berdakwahnya, which is visible from the lyrics of his songs as well as the issuance of the statement itself. It is one of the triggers polemic in Indonesia in 2003, due to stage the protest against the style of dangdut singer, among others Inul, which his rocking ngebor labeled decadent and "moral damage".Much earlier, dangdut also has invited debate and ended the prohibition of dangdut stage in celebration Sekaten in Yogyakarta. The debate emerged again as a result of stage style singer (female) was considered too "open" and bad taste, so it is not in accordance with the mission Sekaten as a religious celebration.Dangdut is agreed upon many circles as the music that carries the aspirations of lower-class society with all its simplicity and kelugasannya. This characteristic is reflected in the lyrics and song structure. Stage sensational style is inseparable from this breath.Stage campaigns of political parties also do not miss exploit the popularity of dangdut to attract the masses. Dangdut issue as a political tool also burst when Basofi Sudirman, at the time as Golkar functionaries, singing dangdut songs.Although dangdut is associated with grassroots poor, it does not mean dangdut only favored the lower classes. In any event entertainment, dangdut certainly enliven the situation. Dangdut stage can easily be found in various places. Places of entertainment and special disco play dangdut songs are often found in large cities. The radio station broadcast that declared itself as "radio dangdut" is also easily found in various cities.

E. Figures
Here are the names of several prominent singer and songwriter of popular dangdut divided into three chronological groups, in accordance with the development of dangdut music.

Pre-1970

• Husein Bawafie
• Munif Bahaswan
• Ellya
• A. Harris
• M. Mashabi
• Said Effendi
• Johana Satar
• Hasnah Tahar

1970

• A. Rafiq
• Rhoma Irama 
•  elvy sukaesih
•  Mansyur S.
• Muchsin Alatas
• Meggy Z 
• Herlina Effendi 
• Reynold Panggabean 
• Camelia Malik 
• Ida Laila 
• Rita Sugiarto 
• Noer Halimah 
     

After 1970

• Inul Daratista
• Vetty Vera
• Nur Halimah
• Hamdan ATT
• iis Dahlia
• Itje Tresnawaty
• Evie Tamala
• Ikke Nurjanah
• Kristina
• Cici Paramida
• Dewi Persik
• Ridho Rhoma
• Iyeth Bustami
• Ine Shintya
• Saiful Jamil
• Erie Suzan
• Beniqno Aquino
• Natural
• trio Macan
• Shamila
• Akhsay
• Irvan Mansyur
• Melinda
• Ira Swara                                  

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