History of Jazz Music

A. BackgroundDo you like jazz? Jazz Indonesia experienced unprecedented growth. It can be seen from the many singers in Indonesia who have been plunged into the genre of jazz today. If you are a lover of jazz music, you need to know more about how the Indonesian jazz music evolved. Historically, jazz Indonesia early entry into Indonesia is in the 30's, so if we look further means of jazz music was already long into Indonesia so understand just a lot of new singers today who started to sing jazz. Do you already know how and state what brings jazz?Jazz music was first brought to Indonesia by the Philippines, jazz was brought by musicians originating from the Philippines. Initially they did introduce the first musical instrument, such as a trumpet or saxophone, introducing their new music. When the 60s, Dutch musician present genre of jazz from the Netherlands added to Indonesia, so the more the influence of the two countries. Because it is now a lot of jazz Indonesia that has evolved, with the public interest is also higher this genre of music welcome. new and emerging singer-singer also increasingly interested in learning about this genre of music so the music has been growing very rapidly, one of the young singers that Indonesia is Andien, with its distinctive style jazz thick.

B. UNDERSTANDING MUSIC JAZZ
Jazz is a musical meeting between European and African music that evolved from the life of the black community in America the oppressed is an amalgamation of blues, ragtime, and European music, especially music band. Birth musical flow is influenced by tribal drums, gospel music, blues and field hollers. Basic instruments of jazz initially using musical instruments marching band in use to accompany funerals citizens African American community in New Orleans. Marching band member is partly a musician in jazz groups start self-taught and was instrumental in the early development of jazz music.
Traits - traits of jazz, namely:

1. Vocals and lyrics tend to be regarded as part of the sound of the instrument.
2. Intricate harmonies, has a wide tonality and frequent modulation
3. Rhythm and melody have a tendency of improvisation.

C. A BRIEF HISTORY OF JAZZ MUSIC
At first the music is synonymous with the negative things that smelled of sex / hussy and entertainment venues at night so have called "jazz". Most of the early jazz musicians play their music in the bars and nightclubs in the area of localization around Basin Street, New Orleans (Storyville). But then the music becomes a good music in composition and improvisation that reflects spontaneous melodies. Even today jazz has an exclusive, classy and respectable.
Jazz music was born was born in the United States in 1868. Initially, jazz was born with a basic Blues. Since the early 20th century, jazz has evolved into a wide variety of genres.    

1. Ragtime era in 1930
2. The era of big band and swing and 1940
3. Bebop in the mid-1940s
4. Trends toward latin jazz, a kind of afro cuban and brazilian in 1950 and 1960
5. Jazz rock or fusion of 1970
6. Acid jazz, world music, trip hop, crossover

Since the revolution in 1960 jazz, jazz music even more detached from the flow of music.

D. Type - Genre Jazz 
Different schools of jazz that exist include: Ragtime, Classic Jazz, Hot Jazz, Chicago Style, Swing, Kansas Style, Gypsy Jazz, Bebop, Mainstream, Vocalese, Cool, Hard Bop, Bossa Nova, Free Jazz, Soul Jazz, Groove, Fusion , Afro-Cuban Jazz, Acid Jazz, European Jazz.        
But we will discuss here only jazz stream Free Jazz and the Avant Garde.
Free Jazz 
Free jazz music is a change of jazz character compulsif. Develop in the 1950s until tahun1960an, pionernya is Ornette Coleman, Eric Dolphy, Cecil Taylor, Albert Ayler, Archie Shepp, Bill Dixon, Paul Bley, and the most famous is the work of John Coltrane end of his life. Musicians in the era of free jazz was Peter Brötzmann, Ken Vandermark, William Parker, John Zorn, George Lewis (Trombone Player) and Derek Bailey (which makes this style survived until now). Ornette Coleman is the most famous musicians of this era in the late 1950s, such as the album Something Else and The Shape of Jazz to Come. Avant-Garde also called for album Free Jazz Coleman created in 1960 under the title A Collective Improvisation. A Collective Improvisation actually only intended as an album name, but eventually became synonymous with jazz music styles (now known as the movement and style jazz).   
In 1960 the jazz music is often referred to as "Energy Music" or "The New Thing". This is the initial milestone in the birth of free jazz style, two songs of pianist Lennie Tristano ("Digression" and "Intuition") was recorded in 1949; but the second album does not limit the melody, harmony, and rhythm. Both of these singles do not keep consonant harmony, but both the flow of free jazz album. Albums of Charles Mingus (Pithecanthropus Erectus, The Clown, and Tijuana Moods) also influence later development is free jazz.
There is no exact definition for the term free jazz for many musicians who wear Free jazz styles with different terms or sometimes mixed with other genres. In free jazz musicians often appear wide of the concept of Free jazz because of the ability to improvise freely. According to many people's views are generally free jazz was the music which was quite noisy, aggresiv, no harmony and generally full of sound and fury awesomeness. Free jazz is most easily played than the other jazz forms, such as the style of ragtime, Dixieland, swing, bebop, cool jazz, fusion jazz and many other styles. Free jazz music in general often hold and swing without any rules, and often uses accelerando and ritardando, so rhythmnya wavelike shape.

Avant Garde 
Avant-garde jazz music (avant-jazz) is a style of music and improvisation that combines elements of avant-garde art music and traditional jazz music Avant overlapping with free jazz. The difference in appearance is no warmth. free "jazz in the early 1960s to be exact in 1958 is known through the game Saxophon Ornette Coleman. 1960 Ornette Coleman made the album "Free Jazz" with double quartet. Now Avant garde style can be enjoyed through the game due Saxophon Steve Coleman and David S. Ware.

E. The function and role of jazz
Research by Blaum in 2003 to get the result that after the students listen to jazz, mod them become better, thus helping students to learn. The results of this research are then applied by Norman L. Barber and Jameson L. barber to give CD Jazz for Success at University of Massachusetts freshman. They give you a CD with the aim that freshmen can overcome negative emotions (anger, anxiety, depression, fear) because it is difficult to adjust to the world of college.

F. Characters In Jazz

• Louis Armstrong (remember Hello Dolly and Mack The Knife)
• Coleman Hawkins
• Pee Wee Russell
• Lester Young
• Duke Ellington
• Benny Goodman (king of swing)
• Lionel hampton (master vibraphone)
• Billie holiday

Jazz is also growing outside the crossing to America, marked by the emergence of figures such as:

• Django Reinhardt
• Hubert Rostaing
• Ronnie Scott

G. Musical On Jazz

 
Musical instrument commonly used in this genre of music is guitar, bass guitar, saxophone,
trombone, piano, clarinet, trumpet, double drum pedal.            

H. Musician-Musician Music Jazz 

1. Nat King Cole
2. Louis Armstrong
3. Ella Fitzgerald
4. Diana Jean Krall
5. Tom Jobim

Conclusion
Although at first the music is synonymous with the negative things that smelled of sex and naughty women, but this music is able to have an exclusive, classy and distinguished as more and progressing with the times.

Suggestion
We should appreciate the music of the other and do not judge the music of origin only.       

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